ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УКРАЇНІ ШЛЯХОМ ВРАХУВАННЯ МІЖНАРОДНОГО ДОСВІДУ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ПОДАТКОВИХ СИСТЕМ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of taxation of enterprises in Ukraine on the example of the postal company JSC "Ukrposhta", as well as the study of international experience of other countries in the taxation of enterprises. The paper investigates different approaches of scientists to the concept of "tax burden" and "tax system". The debt of Ukrposhta JSC to the state budget is considered and its financial indicators are analyzed, namely income from sales of products, equity and their dependence on the amount of tax burden. According to the research, the main financial and economic indicators that are most exposed to the tax burden were identified and recommendations were given on which indicator to pay attention to. The paper identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the tax burden, among which should be highlighted the amount of taxes paid to the budget, which should be monitored in order to increase investment in the country. Methods of stimulating enterprises to pay taxes and directing the tax burden to improve the investment climate in the country are also proposed. One of the most common methods of stimulating tax payments is the provision of tax benefits, but it also has its drawbacks. In this paper, the European experience of using the tax burden as an incentive to pay taxes was considered. Peculiarities of enterprise taxation in the EU and the USA are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of the tax system of Ukraine are analyzed and several areas of its improvement are proposed based on the experience of the EU and the USA. Hiding the income of enterprises is the main problem of the tax system of Ukraine and it is it that needs to be solved in the first place. Ways to stimulate the payment of taxes to the budget are proposed and methods of reforming the current tax system by taking into account international experience are considered. One of the proposed methods to improve the tax climate is the introduction of electronic reporting through the first Ukrainian application "Action", which collects all electronic documents of citizens. At present, this application is the only one in the world that combines so many electronic documents.