Применение мягких гидротехнических сооружений рукавного типа при создании пожарных водоёмов и водохранилищ

Abstract

Purpose. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of shear stability and hydrodynamic characteristics when interacting with water flow from hose-type soft filled waterworks. Structures of this type are applied to improve hydrological and track conditions, to construct temporary water supply reservoirs, booms for oil spills prevention. The research is aimed at determining calculated dependencies to justify parameters of hose-type filled structures when they are used as dikes and protection structures. Methods. Theoretical method has been used to obtain calculated dependences of structure shear stability. Hydrodynamic characteristics during hose structures interaction with water flow have been determined experimentally on models using similarity theory. Findings. Technique for calculating structure shear stability has been developed. Dependence has been obtained to determine stability factor, which allows setting required values for hose structures and blanket length to achieve stability factor standard value, depending on generated pressure together with soil and shell material frictional properties. Determining factors of interaction process between soft cylindrical containers and water flow have been established and dependencies have been obtained for determining coefficients of water resistance to their longitudinal and transverse displacement, depending on dimensions and velocity pattern. Dependences have been obtained for considering shallow water influence with longitudinal and transverse hose tanks under conditions of unlimited fluid and shallow water. Research application field. The research results can be used in developing methodology for calculating soft water-filled waterworks parameters for constructing fire ponds, protective dams and accumulating water reserves. The dependencies obtained for calculating water resistance to cylindrical hose-type tanks displacement in conditions of unlimited fluid and shallow water can be used when performing traction calculations and substantiating towing parameters during moving operations and deploying protective booms. Conclusions. Some issues of applying inflatable hose structures for constructing dikes and protective barriers have been studied. Research will be continued in the direction of parameters optimization, improving this type of structure construction and developing technologies for their installation.