Abstract
The new coronavirus infection pandemic has had a major impact on public health. In order to decrease the volume of severe cases the mass vaccination is needed. The purpose of the study was to analyze the results of immunization of children against COVID-19. Materials and methods of the research: a single-center cohort prospective continuous study of the results of the COVID-19 vaccination in children and adolescents was carried out in Feb. - Mar. 2022. The research included 385 children and adolescents aged 12 to 17 years old divided into 2 groups: children aged 12 to 14 and adolescents aged 15 to 17 y/o. The combined vector-based vaccine “Gam-COVID-Vac-M” with two stages and 21 days interstage interval was used. The general and local reactions were studied for 42 days in both groups. Results: the impaired health and local reactions after the 1st stage of vaccination were statistically significantly more common in girls aged 12 to 14 y/o: 8 (16.0%) compared to 2 (2.9%) boys (p=0.0012). Among adolescents aged 15 to 17 y/o statistically significant differences between boys and girls were recorded after the 2nd stage of vaccination in the forms of: violation of well-being: in 36 (20.5%) boys and 37 (40.6%) girls (p=0.007); subfebrile condition in the 1st day after the vaccination in 33 (18.7%) boys and 36 (39.5%) girls (p=0.004). Conclusion: despite the insufficient number of cases studied and the impossibility for the researcher to control all the key parameters that contribute to the assessment of the tolerability of the 1st and the 2nd stages of vaccination, the results indicate the good tolerability and safety of vaccination against COVID-19 in children and adolescents. The results obtained indicate the statistically significant differences between the group of children aged 12 to 14 y/o, in whom 98 (83.1%) vaccinated had an uncomplicated course of the early post-vaccination period, compared to adolescents aged 15 to 17 y/o, where only 194 (72.7%) had an uncomplicated course of the early post-vaccination period (p=0.029).
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