Определение динамических параметров постоянного магнита при его удержании в импульсном магнитном поле

Abstract

There are various practical ways to implement magnetic levitation as a method of holding or lifting an object using a magnetic field alone. The following principle of creating the balance of the body is considered in the work. A small cylindrical neodymium magnet is held during electromagnetic interaction with a pulsating current flowing through the coil. For a soaring effect to occur when the magnet approaches the coil, the current through it is switched off by an electronic key that is activated by a digital Hall sensor located on the axis of the coil. Of practical interest is the development of simple recommendations to predict the fact of body retention with a given coil design, current through it, dimensions and properties of a permanent magnet. There are few engineering techniques to determine the position of the body, its stability and the nature of movement in suspension. The aim of the study is a theoretical and experimental study of the dynamic parameters of a permanent magnet when it is held in a pulsed magnetic field and the creation of a simplified computational-experimental technique for determining the characteristics of the body in suspension. Materials and methods . When performing the work, methods of mathematical and computer modeling were used, as well as experimental studies. The created software using the development tools of the Mathcad package was based on well-known methods: numerical integration of a system of differential equations. Results. A simplified computational and experimental technique is proposed for determining magnetic moments for a permanent cylindrical magnet and coil with current, as well as an approximate value of the coordinate of the position of the body in suspension. A mathematical model of the one-dimensional motion of a magnet under the influence of gravity and electromagnetic forces of interaction with a pulsed magnetic field at a known distance at which the current is turned off is developed. Conclusion. It was established experimentally and through computer simulation that the higher the frequency of the pulsations, the more rigid the pulsation amplitude is observed when the body is held and a more stable equilibrium is established. The ripple frequency decreases with increasing mass of the permanent magnet, and there is a critical mass that is no longer held in the electromagnetic field. As the voltage supplied to the coil switch increases, the frequency of the pulsations of the body and the consumed electric power increase, while the duty cycle of the current pulses decreases.