Приуроченість вищої водяної рослинності до озер різної трофності Шацького національного природного парку

Abstract

In the paper the results of the investigation of of the groups of higher aquatic vegetation of lakes of different trophicity at Shatsk National Natural Park are provided. Several groups of model lakes were distinguished, in which due to different tropicity level clear discrepancy in the aquatic vegetation division and coen-diversity. It was found, that level of trophicity, what has the highest influence on the distribution of vegetation. Distribution also depends on the reservoir’s mineralization level, transparence, color of water, substrate’s type etc. Characteristics for associations of each group are provided. For slightly methotrophic, transparent, large deep lakes (Svitiaz, Pisotchne), following associations are typical: Typhetum angustifoliae, Eleocharitetum palustris, Scirpetum lacustris, Myriophylletum spicati, Phragmitetum communis. For mesotrophic, large, deep lakes with low transparency (Lutsymer, Krymne) – Potametum pectinati, Elodeetum canadensis, Polygonetum amphibii . In eutrophic large, shallow, lakes (Ozerсe, Krugle), such associations as Nupharo lutei-Nymphaeetum albae, Potametum lucentis, Potametum natantis predominate. Floristic and coenotic diversity in such lakes is lower than in lakes of first group because of the coen absence, presented by mesotrophic types. For small shallow, mesotrophic, overgrown lakes, overwhelming associations are following: Thelypteridi-Phragmitetum, Stratiotetum aloidеs, Hydrocharitetum morsus-ranae . Small shallow eutrophic and hypertrophic, overgrown lakes (Lynovets) the following associations are typical: Ceratophylletum demersi, Lemnetum minoris, Typhetum latifoliae . Keywords: Shatsk National Natural Park, trophicity, higher aquatic vegetation, association, oligomesotrophic lakes, mesotrophic lakes, eutrophic lakes.