БАНКІВСЬКЕ КРЕДИТУВАННЯ СІЛЬГОСПВИРОБНИКІВ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ ЯК ПРОТИДІЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНІЙ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧІЙ КРИЗІ

Abstract

The article analyzes the place and role of Ukraine's agro-industrial complex in world food exports and found that in 2020/21 Ukraine's share in world exports of wheat was 3%, corn – 2%, barley – 5%, sunflower seeds – 27%. Ukraine has traditionally exported grain by the Black Sea to many countries around the world. Russia's war against Ukraine has caused devastating damage to Ukraine's economy, and in particular to the agro-industrial complex, which has disrupted wheat exports and could lead to a protracted food crisis in Africa and Asia. The purpose of the article is to study the nature and benefits of bank loans to farmers under the program of state guarantees of 80% during the sowing campaign in 2022 and to predict the state of food security. To achieve the goal of publication and obtain sound conclusions, the authors used the method of systematic research, which includes observation of research objects, hypothetical-deductive method, chronological research and statistical analysis. Results. Lending to farmers in the spring plays an important role in agricultural production. To conduct the 2022 sowing campaign, farmers need a total of UAH 100 billion, of which UAH 25 billion is credit. The state of war in the country forced to reconsider the terms of lending to farmers and provide them with support in the form of state guarantees on a portfolio basis up to 80% of the total debt. The program is aimed at farmers with a sown area of 100 to 10,000 hectares. The money received can be used to buy fertilizers, seeds, fuel, salaries for employees. 15 banks take part in the program. At the end of May 2022, farmers received UAH 31.489 billion in loans, of which 80% under the program of state portfolio guarantees – UAH 20.297 billion (64.5%). As a result of the study, the authors concluded that the state support of Ukrainian farmers and the active position of the banking system made it possible to conduct a timely sowing campaign in 2022. This means that Ukraine will have a harvest in 2022/23 and will be able to meet its food export obligations and maintain global food security. Only export routes need to be restored!