Роль религиозного и языкового факторов в интеграционной политике в Иране (ХХ – начало ХХI в.)

Abstract

The article considers the role of religious and language factors in the integration policy in Iran both before the Islamic Revolution of 1979 and in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The analysis of the situation in the former period when the Pahlavi dynasty was in power in the country shows that at that time in the history of Iran there dominated the language factor, that is, the Persian lan-guage, with full respect for Islam, the dominant religion in the country. At the same time, after the Islamic Revolution the situation changes, and the religious factor comes to the fore, which occupies the dominant position to this day. As for the language factor, it is the Persian language rather than Arabic that plays a very important, but no longer leading role in the policy of national integration in modern Iranian society. The shift of the emphasis from Arabic to Persian appears to be quite ap-propriate and reasonable on the part of the Iranian authorities, since the Persian language symboliz-es the ancient Iranian culture; it is regarded as the second most important language of the Islamic world and is an important factor in the Sunni-Shia dialogue.