ЭМИГРАЦИЯ И РУССКОГОВОРЯЩИЕ СООБЩЕСТВА В США: ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ПАНДЕМИИ И ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ НАПРЯЖЕННОСТИ В 2022 ГОДУ

Abstract

The article discusses some aspects of the modern history of emigration from Russia to the United States, the factors and scale of emigration flows. The features of the visa regime between the Russian Federation and the United States in the context of obtaining various types of visas by Russian citizens are analyzed. Some data on the number, structure and distribution of the Russian-speaking population in individual US states are given. It is shown that the emigration sentiments of Russians towards the United States are based on economic, social, and, to some extent, political factors. It is shown that in recent years the number of non-immigrant visas issued to Russians in the United States has significantly decreased. An additional factor in the decline in the number of visas issued was the pandemic, which disrupted the mobility of the population around the world. The situation in Ukraine led to a further cooling of relations between Russia and the United States, including the impact on the attitude towards the Russian-speaking population in the United States by the local population and authorities. There are precedents associated with discrimination against the Russian-speaking population in the United States. Cases of appeals of citizens of the Russian Federation to international human rights organizations for the protection of their rights were recorded. Also, since the beginning of the conflict situation between Russia and Ukraine, a new wave of emigration from Russia to the United States has begun. The US and EU countries have consistently introduced several packages of sanctions against Russia and the Russian leadership, which has led to the withdrawal of many foreign companies from the Russian market. At present, we can only draw preliminary conclusions, but there is reason to believe that among those leaving there are many young professionals who will have to build a life in a new reality for themselves. Therefore, one of the tasks that we set is to investigate the impact of new external factors on the formation of Russian-speaking communities in the United States.