К ВОПРОСУ О РАССМОТРЕНИИ ОСАДКИ ГРУНТОВ ОСНОВАНИЯ КАК МНОГОФАКТОРНОГО АНТРОПОГЕННО ОБУСЛОВЛЕННОГО ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА

Abstract

The article substantiates the need to consider the soil sediment of the foundation of any structure not as a vertical displacement of the structure due to compression, compaction or other changes in the rocks lying at its base, but as a multifactorial integral engineering-geological process associated with vertical subsidence of the soil of the base of buildings and structures, due to a decrease in soil volume due to its deformation under load or changes (deterioration) of its strength and deformation properties in the process of natural and technogenic effects. For the first time, S. N. Sotnikov’s graph of the inaccuracy in calculating the settlement of soil of the base, calculated by the method of layer-by-layer summation to the actually observed. It is noted that the estimated predicted precipitation of base soils provided by the project for slightly compressible soils, as a rule, is 40–60% higher than actual ones, and for highly compressible soils (weak soils), actual precipitation can be several times higher than calculated. The authors see such a discrepancy in the mechanical approach to modeling the process of sedimentation of base soils, while sediment of base soils is a multifactorial engineering and geological process that changes in space and time. A number of examples in various regions of the country show a wide range of different natural geological and technogenic processes that affect the unevenness, size and duration of sedimentation of base soils under various buildings and structures. Examples of management and regulation of these processes are given.