Η θεραπευτική σχέση στην ψυχοδυναμική συμβουλευτική και ψυχοθεραπεία: σύγχρονα κλινικά και εμπειρικά δεδομένα

Abstract

In the psychodynamic approach, the therapeutic relationship stands at the core of the therapeutic process and constitutes a key factor of the effectiveness of treatment. As such, highlighting the psychodynamic components associated with the therapeutic relationship can help reinforce the role of counseling and clinical psychologists, by offering a broader understanding of the various dynamic interactions in clinical work. Specifically, the present paper delineates particular aspects of the therapeutic relationship (e.g. therapeutic alliance, transference, countertransference, real relationship) that should be taken into account in counseling and psychotherapy as essential components of the therapeutic relationship. Current empirical data are presented to demonstrate the importance of these parameters for the therapeutic process and outcome. Emphasis is also placed on the conditions that need to be fulfilled in order to ensure a relationship of therapeutic value, such as the importance of the therapeutic framework and the role of the psychologists / psychotherapists in dealing with enactments. Finally, the benefits of using the potential of the therapeutic relationship in clinical practice are highlighted, for improving both someone’s relationship with oneself and with others.