ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БИОРЕЗОРБИРУЕМЫХ ПЕРСОНАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ КОЛЛАГЕНОВЫХ МЕМБРАН ДЛЯ ЗАКРЫТИЯ ДЕФЕКТОВ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ РТА

Abstract

Subject. The subject of the study is the biomechanical properties of a personalized collagen membrane in the area of wound defects of the oral mucosa.
 Objectives. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with extensive surgical wound defects of the oral mucosa by experimentally substantiating the use of developed collagen membranes from bovine Achilles tendon.
 Methodology. Based on the Central Vivarium of the First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov (Sechenov University) conducted an experimental study on laboratory animals (rabbits) (n = 12) to create a wound surface in the oral cavity (limited vestibuloplasty according to Clark on the upper jaw) and its closure with collagen membranes with an assessment of the course of the postoperative period and subsequent histological examination of biomaterials: 1st – using a personalized collagen membrane, 2nd – using a collagen membrane with lactoferrin, 3rd – using a Mucograft membrane, 4th group – control.
 Results. In the postoperative period, on the 3rd day, moderate swelling, and hyperemia in the area of vestibuloplasty were noted in the oral cavity of rabbits: the least pronounced swelling was in animals in the 2nd group of operations (1.5 ± 0.5 points) (p = 0.001), hyperemia – in the 3rd group (1.7 ± 0.4 points) (p = 0.001). On the 5th day in the oral cavity of experimental animals, hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the oral vestibule in the 2nd group was 0.8 ± 0.4 points (p = 0.001), and in the 3rd group – 1.8 ± 0.4 points (p = 0.001). According to the histological research method, a significant difference was noted in the quantity and quality of the formed soft tissues in the area of application of collagen matrices compared to healing by secondary intention (p < 0.05). The results of histological examination showed in group 2 epithelization with acanthosis and proliferation of the basal layer.
 Conclusion. The effectiveness of the developed collagen membranes from the Achilles tendon has been proven in eliminating extensive wound defects of the oral mucosa.