Состояние антиоксидантной защиты организма игроков в хоккей с шайбой в ходе спортивного сезона

Abstract

Excessive formation of free radicals and active forms of nitrogen damages enzymes, proteins, membrane phospholipids, nucleic acids. The indicators of the antioxidant defense of the body of professional ice hockey players were evaluated under oxidative and nitrosive stresses of various degrees during the game season. In blood samples of hockey players (n = 39), taken after 2.5 months, 4 and 6 months. games were determined by glutathione (total, reduced, oxidized), nitric oxide. Oxidative stress was ranked according to the levels of peroxides, the state of the antioxidant system — according to decomposed exogenous peroxide. Cortisol and testosterone were evaluated. Total glutathione exceeded the reference standards. Reduced and oxidized glutathione (below 10 units) indicated a decrease in antioxidant protection within 4 months. Nitric oxide increased to 71.6–103.2 μM / L; nitrosive stress was detected in 38.5 %. Testosterone was within normal limits, cortisol was higher in 80.0–95.8 %. Average oxidative stress was detected in 20.7 %, high — in 4.0 %; the antioxidant capacity of the whey is medium to high. Total and reduced glutathione, peroxides, and decomposed peroxide confirmed the significant compensatory reserves of the body. The metabolism was dominated by catabolic processes. The periods of maximum growth of the level of cortisol (2.5–4 months of games) corresponded to the minimum levels of the body’s antioxidant defense; individuals with signs of nitrosive stress were registered. This has proven to be a health risk of exercise in athletes. The condition for the prevention of dysadaptation shifts is the optimal level of stress at the stages of the playing season, as well as ensuring the high-quality composition of the diet. English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/state-of-antioxidant-protection-of-ice-hockey-players-during-the-sports-season/72915.html