Оценка влияния загрязнения атмосферного воздуха на риск возникновения колоректального рака в Республике Татарстан

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main problems of modern oncology due to the high incidence and significant mortality in Russia and other countries. This disease can be considered as a marker of the socio-economic development of the regions. In this regard, it is relevant to study the quantitative and qualitative assessment of environmental factors and, above all, air, on the risk of CRC in the conditions of the active influence of human activities on the environment. Purpose of the study — to determine patterns of formation of the incidence of colorectal cancer in the population of a large industrial region, depending on air pollution. Material and methods. To achieve this goal, the incidence of CRC was studied in a large industrial region — the Republic of Tatarstan (RT), depending on the level of air pollution. Results. Analysis of the study shows that a high incidence of colorectal cancer was found in Kazan, as well as in 11 municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. A strong upward trend in the incidence of colorectal cancer was observed in Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny, as well as in 10 municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. A significant effect of harmful emissions into the atmosphere on the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the rectum and colon has been established. Conclusion. Studies conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan on the dependence of the incidence of CRC on the complex effects of polluted atmospheric air confirm the position on the formation of a high level of incidence of this pathology in an unfavorable environmental situation.