ПРО СУДОВУ ПРАКТИКУ У СПОРАХ, ЩО ВИНИКАЮТЬ У ДОЗВІЛЬНИХ ПРАВОВІДНОСИНАХ У СФЕРІ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

Abstract

Ukrainian courts consider many cases related with using of norms of permissive legislation in a sphere of economic activity. The purpose of an article is to analyze a court’s rulemaking in cases on permissive relations in spheres of the town-building and the defense of an environment. The author presents and explores some legal positions of the Supreme Court. For example, there are such positions as: 1) absence of a legislation on a special permissive relations doesn’t give a right to do business without appropriate permits; 2) control organs have no power to obligate the economic subjects to receive permits in a situation as the Ukrainian Government hasn’t established a mechanism of giving permits; 3) violations of legislation during realization of rights based on permissive documents have to be confirmed in acts of authorized state organs/permissive organs drafted after the measures of the state supervision (control) in a sphere of economic activity. The author investigates court’s practice of the using of means of provision of obligations by subjects of permissive legal relations. There are court’s decisions on a suspension of enterprises/buildings which violate demands of economic and ecological legislation in a process of a realization of rights for economic operations in accordance with permissive documents. The court’s practice of using of a principle of acquiescence is analyzed in details. This analysis has concluded a declarative character of acquiescence. The author considers that in such cases court has to constitute conditions for a using of the acquiescence or its absence and to use this principle if there are enough conditions. The court’s decisions in cases about the economic operations realized without permits are investigated in the article. The analysis gives a reason to conclude that contemporary concept of a legal interest, which used by courts narrows possibilities for the defense of rights of citizens and organizations violated by breaches of an economic legislation of owners of permissive documents and nonlegal inaction of permissive organs. In addition, the author has proposed some changes for The Law of Ukrainian "On the permissive system in a sphere of economic activity".