ДИНАМИКА ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ В РОССИИ И ЕЕ РЕГИОНАХ В РУСЛЕ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО КАПИТАЛА

Abstract

The dynamics of public health in Russia and the regions was studied within the framework of the methodology of social capital. It has been established that the relationship between social capital and public health is manifested in the sustainable functioning of the health care system as a social institution that ensures the protection of the health of citizens, as well as in the possibility of access for the population to social health resources, which are understood as the consumption of high-quality food, a healthy lifestyle, sports infrastructure, regulated mode of work and rest, safe work, access to highly qualified medical care. The study of trends in the development of public health was traced on the basis of a statistical analysis of indicators of primary morbidity of the population, maternal mortality and consumer spending on health care. The indicator of primary morbidity, which is a set of cases of diseases in patients not previously recorded anywhere and for the first time detected during the reporting year, for the surveyed period 2011-2020. decreased by 4.6%. At the same time, in such federal districts as in the Urals (838.0 per 1000 population), Privolzhsky (816.8) and Siberian (809.3) its level was quite high. During the surveyed period in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the primary incidence of the population increased by 6.5%. The relationship between primary morbidity rates and the lack of growth in consumer spending on health care was noted: in 2011 they amounted to 3.5%, in 2020 - 4.0%. Maternal mortality, as an indicator of public health, reflects the quality of women's reproductive health, the possibilities of maintaining and strengthening it, as well as the level of development of the obstetrics system and its accessibility to the population. This indicator showed a positive trend of decreasing the indicator over the surveyed period - 30.9%. Nevertheless, its value for 2019- 2020, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, increased by 24.4%. The increase in maternal mortality was an indirect factor in the stabilization of life expectancy for women.