Abstract
Classification of convicts as one of the main elements affecting the application of the main means of convicts’ correction and resocialization is considered in the article. Criminal’s identity, their personality, social and psychological structure are examined in the article. The criteria of penitentiary influence that ensure the solution of the goals and tasks of the Criminal and Executive System, are also given. The authors note that the classification of convicts can be defined as based on the law, the requirements of Psychology and Pedagogics, as well as the practice of dividing persons deprived of liberty according to a court verdict into more or less homogeneous groups based on the level of social and moral neglect of their personality, as well as the level of social danger and motives of the crime committed by them for the purpose of their separate detention both in various penal institutions and within them in separate local and structural precincts. Special objectives of the classification of persons sentenced to imprisonment for a certain period of time are given, such as: preventing possible negative influence of different groups of convicts on each other, as well as preventing negative influence of convicts with a clearly expressed criminal antisocial position on other convicts; reducing the influence of the criminal subculture on convict’s personality; ensuring safe conditions of stay in penal institutions; construction of a rational, modern system of penal institutions; organization of convicts’ protection and supervision taking into account the requirements of the theory of physical and dynamic security; etc. The authors considered the European Prison Rules that specify the requirements for the separate detention of different categories of convicts, taking into account their safety and protection, as well as the corresponding regime. Key words: convict, legal status, punishment, classifications, penal institution, criminal offense, correction and resocialization.
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