ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ СПІВПРАЦІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗІ СТЕЙКХОЛДЕРАМИ У КОНТЕКСТІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

Abstract

Today, every modern enterprise or organization works in a constantly changing environment. These changes can have both positive consequences, contributing to the increase of competitive advantages and sustainable development of enterprises, and negative consequences, such as: a decrease in the competitive position in the market and a negative impact on the stability of economic activity. Organization of effective interaction and cooperation between various stakeholders is the most rational approach to take into account the numerous problems and challenges of the external environment by each player, be it an enterprise, organization or non-profit sector. Among key resources, such as financial, material and informational, relationships are an important strategic resource. The use of relationships is a valuable strategic resource that contributes to active development, the formation of new competitive advantages, and the strengthening of both internal and external image. In 1963, the concept of "stakeholders" was introduced by Stanford Research University, and the concept of stakeholders was developed and developed by Edward Freeman. In his 1984 work, "Strategic Management: The Role of Stakeholders," Freeman defined stakeholders as individuals, groups, or organizations that have significant influence on, or are influenced by, decisions made by the firm. Stakeholder theory includes the concept that management of an organization should take into account the interests of all groups or individuals involved in it. One of the significant steps in the progress of stakeholder theory is the development of the Accountability Stakeholder Engagement Standard, which is a significant achievement in this area. The development of cooperation with interested parties (stakeholders) is considered an important aspect of increasing the efficiency of foreign economic activity, and it is also a systematic process that includes the following points: definition of stakeholders; analysis of stakeholder needs; communication and engagement; establishment of mutual benefit; defining roles and responsibilities; development of mutual trust; training and adaptation; measurement of results.