Влияние никотина на систему клеточного иммунитета у мужчин с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: One of common pulmonary diseases associated with tobacco smoking, is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite a large number of publications devoted to the problem of COPD, there remain many unclear issues concerning the involvement of the immune system in the development of the disease. The effect of nicotine on cell-mediated immunity in COPD has not been studied in practice. AIM: To study the influence of nicotine on the proliferating activity of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in patients with COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty two patients with COPD were examined. The control group included 32 patients of similar gender and age, without any significant history of smoking and of respiratory diseases. All the patients completed CAT questionnaire and were tested on mMRC scale, and underwent spirometry, examination for the proliferating activity of lymphocytes in response to phytohemagglutinin and for the functional activity of cells synthesizing cyclooxygenase. RESULTS: In patients with COPD, a decrease in the proliferative activity of lymphocytes in response to PHA was found in comparison with this parameter of patients without COPD (50.4 ± 10.2% vs. 55.0 ± 10.2%, p < 0.05), as well as an increase in the activity of cells synthesizing cyclooxygenase (1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 p < 0.001). Addition of a combination of nicotine and PHA to cell culture led to a decrease in the proliferative activity of cells in response to mitogen in most patients, and to its increase in a third of patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with COPD with the underlying inflammation, suppression of cell-mediated immune reactions was noted. Nicotine in vitro suppresses the response of lymphocytes to mitogen in most patients, however, in some patients it causes stimulation, the cause of which remains unclear.