НАУЧНОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ МЕДИКО-ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО СНИЖЕНИЮ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ БОЛЕЗНЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ПИЩЕВАРЕНИЯ У ПОДРОСТКОВ

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. In recent years, the fact that the health of children and adolescents is of great medical and social importance has become more and more obvious. The size of economic losses of a society in the future depends on it. Therefore, at present, a search is underway for effective ways to identify risk factors and develop preventive measures to reduce the incidence. Aim. Based on the analysis of morbidity and pathological lesion rates in children and adolescents of the Republic of Tatarstan, to propose evidence-based preventive measures to reduce the incidence of diseases of the digestive system. Material and methods. At the first stage, the structure of primary, general morbidity, pathological susceptibility (the share of diseases detected during preventive medical examinations) of children and adolescents in Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan was studied, the most vulnerable age groups were identified and classes of diseases with the highest growth rate were identified. At the second stage, we studied the dynamics and prognosis of primary and general morbidity among adolescents in Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan with diseases of the digestive system as one of the rapidly progressing diseases and proposed measures to reduce the incidence of digestive diseases. Results and discussion. In the structure o primary, general morbidity, pathological affection of children and adolescents in Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan, the share of diseases of the digestive system occupies a leading position. The most vulnerable age group are teenagers. The dynamics and forecast of indicators of primary and general morbidity among adolescents in Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract shows that the situation will worsen towards an increase in the number of diseases if no measures are taken. Methods and ways for searching for risk factors for the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the adolescent population are proposed. A number of proposals were made to improve primary and secondary prevention, a concept was formulated for medical and hygienic monitoring of adolescents with the digestive system diseases for further diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this pathology. Conclusion. The results of the study made it possible to determine priorities in the development of preventive and therapeutic technologies and programs when working with adolescents with diseases of the digestive system.