Abstract
The objective of the study is to investigate the yield of mid-season varieties for the period 1999–2000 in different natural and climatic zones of the Krasnoyarsk Region, to identify its relationship with meteorological factors. The yield of 44 mid-season varieties of spring soft wheat was analyzed for the period 1999–2020 on variety plots of the Krasnoyarsk Region in 6 natural and climatic zones: III – lowland sub-taiga (Kazachinsky variety plot), IV – foothill sub-taiga (Dzerzhinsky, Sayansky), V – Kansk-Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe (Sukhobuzimsky, Uyarsky), VI – Prichulymye forest-steppe (Nazarovsky, Uzhursky), VII – southern forest-steppe (Karatuzsky), VIII – foothill steppe on ordinary and southern chernozems (Minusinsky, Krasnoturansky). Only in zone VI, over this period of years, a trend of yield growth was noted from 3.83 (1999–2003) to 4.30 t/ha (2016–2020). Yield fluctuations in the study period were observed in the Kansk-Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe (zone V), with a sharp increase in 2016–2020 (4.80 t/ha) from 2.38 t/ha (2013–2015). The increase in yield here can be explained by the cultivation of intensive varieties in compliance with all technology elements. Instability of yield without a significant increase is typical of the foothill subtaiga (zone IV). Yield growth occurred in natural zone III (lowland subtaiga) from 2008–2012 to 2016–2020 from 1.25 to 2.22 t/ha. Natural zones make the greatest contribution to yield variability – 59.0–74.8 %, while the “years” factor is much less – 1.0–15.0 % and the “genotype” factor is 1.5–5.8 %. A correlation between yield and plant height (r = 0.462–0.552), and 1000-grain weight (r = 0.435–0.650) (Kazachinsky, Karatuzsky, Nazarovsky, Sukhobuzimsky, Uyarsky) was revealed on many variety plots of the region (Kazachinsky, Sayansky, Karatuzsky, Minusinsky, Uzhursky, Sukhobuzimsky). An unequal dependence of the yield of the studied variety plots by ten-day period of the vegetation period on the average daily air temperature, precipitation amount, and relative air humidity was revealed.
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