Представительная роль Совета Федерации в политической системе России (на примере Республики Саха (Якутия)

Abstract

The article examines the functioning of the upper house of the parliament of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the Federation Council in the context of federal relations. In the developed federations of the world, the principle of bicameralism is implemented, in which the interests of the regions are represented in the upper house of parliament. The formation mechanisms differ, when in some countries direct elections of senators by the population take place, or the practice of appointment from above is in effect. The main idea of the Senates lies in the principle of regional representation, in the ideas of separation of the branches of power and checks and balances. In Russia in the 1990s during the period of decentralized federalism, there was a strengthening of the regions, including in parliament. Heads of regions and chairmen of regional parliaments received seats in the Federation Council. Centralization of Russian federalism in the 2000s changed the formation mechanism, in which the regions appointed their representatives for the seats of the senators. The representative role was somewhat weakened, in which many senators were not associated with the regions. In recent years, there has been a policy of changing the role of the upper house of parliament, and a new formation system is emerging. The idea of amendments to the Constitution is aimed at strengthening the role of the Federation Council in the system of separation of powers. Representation of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in the Federation Council also depends on the development of federal relations. The heads of the subjects who have resigned receive the seats of senators, and the regional parliament appoints its representatives. Such a formation system somewhat weakens the institution of parliament. A system in which direct elections of senators by the population take place looks more effective