Влияние продолжительности освещения на скорость проращивания и химический состав зерна сои и люпина

Abstract

Effective industrial rearing of pigs is impossible without providing them with full-value vitamin-enriched feed. The lack of vitamins in feed negatively affects the productivity of animals. One of the simple and affordable ways to increase the vitamin value of feed can be the addition of sprouted grain to the diet of animals. According to many scientists, when germinating in grain, the content of macro and microelements, vitamins increases. When using sprouted grains, the eatability of feed increases and the absorption of nutrients increases, because in the process of grain germination, enzymes are activated that convert complex nutrients into simple compounds that are easily assimilated in the body of young animals. The efficiency of germination and the quality of germinated grain depends on the conditions of germination and lighting conditions during the growing period. In addition, during long-term storage (more than 4-5 hours) of sprouted grain with a moisture content of more than 60 percent, it begins to mold and rot. Therefore, it must be fed in the first hours after germination. To extend the shelf life of germinated grain, it must be dried to the required moisture content. (Purpose of research) To study the effect of the duration of illumination on the germination rate and the chemical composition of germinated grain of soybeans and lupine. (Materials and methods) We studied the germination technology and, based on the data obtained, adopted our own germination method. An installation was made for determining the time of illumination of grain during germination. Chemical analysis of the composition of soybean and lupine grains was carried out before and after germination, as well as after drying. (Results and discussion) We compared the results of studies on the effect of lighting time on sprout length when germinating grain on vitamin feed. Determined the values of the rate of obtaining shoots, specific energy intensity of lighting. Studied the chemical composition of the original grain of soybeans and lupine, germinated and dried - separately and in stages. (Conclusions) When germinating soybean seeds, the average growth rate for 5 days was 3.34 millimeters per day, and for lupine seeds - 8.4 millimeters per day. In the samples of sprouted dried soybeans, an increase in crude protein in dry matter by 4.23 percent, crude fiber - by 2.07 percent, sugar content - by 0.48 percent was revealed. They showed that the amount of crude protein and crude fiber increased by 2.3 and 2.38 percent, respectively. It was noted that the content of calcium, phosphorus and sodium in the samples of soybeans and lupine increased slightly - less than 0.2 percent.