АНАЛИЗ ПРОБЛЕМ ОЦЕНКИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ РИСКОВ ПРИ УВЕЛИЧЕНИИ ДОЛИ ПОЖИЛЫХ ТРАКТОРИСТОВ-МАШИНИСТОВ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ

Abstract

Due to the change in the retirement age and the increase in the proportion of elderly tractor drivers in agricultural enterprises, it became possible to increase the number of emergencies and accidents in the field. The methodological basis of the research was the study and analysis of changes in human cognitive abilities with the increasing age (decreased attention, memory, and performance) and operating environment factors of tractor drivers that affect their fatigue and performance. It has been established that the risks of increased number of emergencies and accidents may grow due to natural biological processes occurring in the body of most people after reaching the age of 60. The age-related decline in attention, memory, decision-making speed, and efficiency of elderly tractor drivers can be aggravated by the presence of harmful production factors in the workplace. At the same time, over many years of work in unfavorable sanitary and hygienic conditions, the risks of occupational diseases may also increase. The author draws conclusions about the need for agricultural managers to adjust the system of both assessing occupational risks and managing the health and safety of elderly tractor drivers. It is advisable for the labor protection services of agricultural enterprises to develop and implement a system for managing the risks of overwork, organizing fatigue preventive measures for elderly tractor drivers and, accordingly, the probability of various incidents and accidents. It is necessary to conduct research on the combined effect of microclimate and noise parameters on the fatigue, reaction speed, and attentiveness of elderly tractor drivers to develop requirements for their work and rest modes and clarify the requirements for the arrangement of tractor cabs and mobile agricultural machines.