АКТУАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТРУДОВОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ МОЛОДІ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА ЇХНІЙ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІКУ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The article offers an analysis of the main reasons, trends and consequences of labor migration of young people in the context of globalization and its impact on the national economy. Labor migration is considered as the process of moving labor resources from one country to another in order to realize their labor potential due to certain economic, social, political and other circumstances. The place of young people in migration processes is determined by identifying them as a separate age group among the total number of labor migrants. In the context of this study, young people are able-bodied persons aged 14 to 35 years with possible variations in these age boundaries depending on the nomenclature of international organizations and statistical agencies that analyze migration processes. The issue of youth migration is considered in the context of international labor migration as a global process, referring to the studies of the main international organizations in the field of migration and protection of workers' rights. The statistics used in the article include exclusively materials related to legal migration of youth, while the illegal migration is primarily unsupervised by any statistic agencies. Based on the specifics of youth as an age group of the working-age population, it was important to consider the issue of labor migration of youth from different sides, highlighting the main trends, but also considering the differences associated with the specifics of migration, its direction, purpose, term,as well as level of development of donor countries and countries recipients, etc. Young people now constitute a significant part of the migration flows of individual countries, and acts as a heterogeneous, extremely contradictory group of the able-bodied population with its own characteristic features. Flexibility and easy adaptation to new and sometimes hard - due to predominantly illegal way of employment - working conditions allow this group of the working population to integrate into the foreign community, but there are still many problems and challenges associated with the increased migration of young people.