Створення та оцінка відновлювачів фертильності соняшнику кондитерського напряму використання резистентних до гербіцидів групи сульфонілсечовин

Abstract

In terms of sunflower seed production, Ukraine ranks second in the world. Currently, official statistics do not divide oilseed and confectionery sunflower. However, experts estimate the area of crops under sunflower confectionery for use in 70 thousand hectares Every year, the number of companies and scientific institutions that are engaged in the selection of sunflower confectionery is increasing. This is due to demand in the confectionery industry. Kernels of confectionery sunflower are high-calorie and easily replace walnut raw materials. The benefits of confectionery sunflower are high yields, early maturity and drought tolerance. Therefore, even in arid years, farms receive high profits. Currently, ExpressSun (SUMO, SU) sunflower cultivation systems are especially popular. This cultivation technology implies the use of post-emergence herbicide Express and hybrids of sunflower resistant to it. The purpose of the research is to improve the technology of creating a restorer of fertility in the sunflower confectionery direction of the use of sulfonylureas group resistant to herbicides. The scheme of creation of restorer fertility for sunflower confectionery has been tested for the use of stable to tribenuron-methyl for the use of industrial hybrids. For obtaining raw materials with genetic resistance to the action of the herbicides of the sulfonylurea group, backcurriculation was carried out to transfer the genes of resistance from donors of foreign origin to domestic forms. By hybridizing the varieties of sunflower confectionery, the use of donor-resistant herbicide Express expresses two fertility reduction lines (B2360 / 17, B1052 / 17). The created materials are of low growth with a basket diameter of 16.8-35.7 cm, a weight of 1000 seeds - 105.3-116.1 g, a level of huskiness of 25.7-31.4% and a protein content of seed - 25.1 -27.6%. Obtained herbicide resistant Express materials are expedient to use parental components in the selection of hybrid sunflower confectionery use directions.