ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ОТРАСЛИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ТРАНСПОРТНОГО БИОТОПЛИВА В США И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ДЛЯ РОССИИ

Abstract

Over the past 30 years the United States has made significant progress in the development of the biofuel industry. At present US holds a leading position in the global production, consumption and export of first-generation bioethanol, and steadily increasing the production and consumption of first and second generation biodiesel. These successes are based on a state policy aimed at creating domestic demand for transport biofuels and stimulating its production by enterprises located in the United States. The main prerequisites for the implementation of this policy are based on the positive economic and environmental effects that accompany the production and consumption of bioethanol and biodiesel. These include, first of all, the intensification of economic activity in agriculture, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and emissions of pollutants by road, and the diversification of energy consumption patterns. In the Russian Federation, the production and consumption of transport biofuel is currently not carried out on a significant scale. However, the production of first-generation bioethanol can have a positive impact on individual agricultural markets that require the formation of new sources of demand.