Покращення функціонування мікроклімату в тваринницьких приміщеннях із застосуванням тепло – повітряних завіс в їх тамбурах

Abstract

Topicality. Microclimate maintenance in livestock buildings at any time of year is one of the main concerns of the owners. But the efforts to warm the walls, installing the appropriate heating system can be useless if the heat is free to go through windows or gates. This is especially true for those livestock buildings where, for one reason or another, the entrance gate opens very often or even for a long time remain in an open position. In order to provide acceptable conditions for effective productive work in the winter, considerable forces and means will be required to maintain normal temperatures. But the output is - a warm curtain on the front door in the vestibules of livestock buildings should help. Analysis of recent research and publications. . Livestock breeding is one of the main consumers of energy in agriculture. The specific part of the energy consumed by animal husbandry during different periods of time is 17.2-21.3 % of the total energy consumption in the production of agricultural products. Analysis of energy consumption by livestock sector shows that livestock holdings are the main consumers of energy in livestock farming (they account for 46-51.5 % of the total energy consumption in the industry). The analysis of the structure of electricity consumption for milk production showed that the largest share in total costs is the energy consumed for the creation and maintenance of optimaal microclimate in livestock buildings (Table 1). Its share, depending on the technology of animal retention, is in the range of 34.5-36.8 % [1 - 5], which can be compared only with energy consumption for the preparation of feed mixtures. Therefore, one of the main directions of reducing the total energy consumption for milk production, and hence its cost, is the development and implementation of energy saving equipment for the creation and maintenance of normative microclimate in livestock farms. The aim of the study. Improvement of the microclimate in livestock buildings through the use of air and thermal curtains, the definition of rational modes of its work. . Materials and methods of research. Theoretical and experimental component of the improvement of microclimate functioning in animal housing was carried out on the basis of the principal arrangement of the air and thermal curtain. Conclusions and prospects. Air - thermal curtains should ensure that when opening the gate in the premises, the temperature at the workplace is not lower than 14 °C for easy work, 12 °C - at medium and 8 °C - during heavy work. In the absence of work near the gate is allowed to lower the temperature to 5 ºC, in the lobbies of public buildings - up to 12 ºC. The air temperature curtains, as a rule, take no higher than 50 ºC. The speed of air from the devices curtain not more than 25 m/s (in industrial buildings).