Обоснование параметров поэтапного анкерного крепления для повышения скорости проходки выемочных выработок на угольных шахтах

Abstract

Introduction. This article substantiates the prospect of introducing the staged bolting support for roadways in Russian mines in order to increase the rate of preparatory operations. Purpose. Justification of a staged bolting support scheme in order to accelerate roadway development to insure timely preparation of new long wall panels. Methods. The development of a staged roadway support method for mining gently inclined flat-lying coal seams is presented. In the initial phase of bolting support, the reduced number of bolts are installed, which are necessary to support the roadway during its construction. In the subsequent stage, with a certain delay from the face of the roadway, but prior to the initiation of long wall advancement, the full complement of bolts is installed to ensure the stability of the roadway throughout its operational lifespan. Results of numerical studies. Numerical studies allowed to estimate the distribution of stresses in the plane of the formation and the zone of limit state formed in the ribs of the roadway, both at the first stage of support, outside the long wall affected zone, and after the end of the second stage in the long wall affected zone. Based on the results of these studies, the necessity of ribs support of the roadway at the first stage of support are shown. Results of industrial research. A comparative analysis of the work cycle employed at one of the Kuzbass mines with the work cycle utilizing staged bolting support demonstrates that the rate of roadway development can be accelerated by up to 25 % in comparison with the conventional support scheme. Discussion. 1. The proposed staged bolting support scheme is recommended for the development of gently inclined flat-lying coal seams, as it will facilitate intensive underground coal mining. 2. The finite element method can be employed to successfully estimate the limit state zones forming and developing in the ribs of a roadway at different stages of its lifespan. 3. A comparative analysis of work cycles applied at one of the Kuzbass mines and the proposed patented staged support scheme revealed that the implementation of staged bolting support can potentially enhance the rate of roadway development by 25 %. Conclusion. 1. The article outlines the importance of timely preparation of long wall panels in leading coal-mining countries and presents a rationale for the introduction of staged bolting support of roadways at coal mines in Russia. 2. The method of staged roadway support, as developed and described in the article, represents a promising approach for the preparation of long wall panels in the conditions typical of Kuzbass mines. 3. In order to provide further details on the parameters of staged bolting support a physical simulation of the roadway stability be conducted.