Аналіз результатів експериментальних досліджень з переробки органічних відходів від утримання врх на молочному комплексі

Abstract

Increasing the accumulation of organic waste in Ukraine, including from livestock and poultry enterprises, raises the urgency of finding new technologies for their processing into alternative fuels, biofuels, etc. When keeping the cattle, an average of 65-70 million tons of organic waste is produced per year, of which 20-25 million tons falls on the enterprises of the industry (animal complexes). Processing of these wastes will not only reduce their negative impact on the environment, but also increase energy security of the country. In the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex, there are already quite successful examples of biogas installations and complexes (LLC ZORG UKRAINE), as well as practical testing of the production of generator gas from organic waste of poultry farms (native litter). Therefore, for a wider introduction of the reduced technologies and equipment, their economic feasibility, an integrated approach from different parties is required (customer, contractor, state, scientific institutions, etc.). It is very important to provide scientific support for these works from the start of the work to the installation of the equipment, as well as the practical testing of the results obtained at the enterprises of Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the data obtained from the monitoring of the processing of purulent cattle discharges in the milk complex for further use in developing technical solutions for methods and installations for the processing of organic waste into biogas and biofuels. The practical testing of data was a scientific support of works under the agreement of the commonwealth with the company "ZORG-UKRAINE" Ltd. for the processing of manure storm cattle in the milk complex in the village. V. Krupil, Kyiv region. During the experiment there was a constant selection of samples of puddles in order to determine the pH of the medium, density, organic part and overall monitoring of biogas equipment. The analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the culture solution showed that during this period the destruction of the organic mass occurred at the level: the first fermentor - 17,9%; 2nd fermenter - 11.96%; 3rd - 14.3% respectively. The amount of organic matter in the overflow solution. in absolute terms dry, amounted to 35.3 kg / m3, but the low temperature in the receiving reservoir and fermenters did not contribute to the intensive livelihoods of the culture. Thus, the average values of the produced biogas and respectively the electric energy were 7.7 MW per day. Conclusions and perspectives. 1. Analysis of literary sources shows the prospect of processing of organic waste cattle and poultry production using the latest equipment and technologies and the creation of a finished product on their basis for its further use in the processes of gasification and the receipt of electric energy. 2. The conducted researches have shown that the raw material with the addition of sawdust in the amount of 10 - 12% (by mass) is suitable for gasification with the established mode of operation of the mini power plant. 3. Permanent scientific support of the biogas complex operation contributed to a timely adjustment for its sustainable work, the development of technical solutions for methods and installations for the processing of organic waste to biogas, biofuel. Key words: poultry, cattle, resource-energy efficiency, dry granulates, gasification, biogas, biofertilizers