ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ГУМУСА И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ АГРОТЕМНОГУМУСОВЫХ ПОДБЕЛОВ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ АГРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЕМАХ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВ

Abstract

Differences in the content of humus, microflora and catalase activity in agro-dark-humus podbels soils with different levels of agrotechnical impact and the use of environmentally friendly (phytomeliorative) methods of increasing soil fertility were established. The higher content of humus, indicators of biogenicity and enrichment in catalase were established in the soils of abandoned field. Bacteria using mineral nitrogen and oligonitrophils was dominated in composition of microflora. The reserves of humus in the meter layer of soils have been characterized as low. Тhe composition of the microflora showed the same regularity under the conditions of the phytomeliorative experiment. The content and reserves of humus decreased in comparison with the soil of abandoned field. Due to the process of nodule formation in the ELnn horizon, a high level of catalase activity was recorded (up to 9.9 cm3 O2/1 min 1 g of soil). This led to an increase in the average intraprofile distribution of catalase activity (Ka) and Кa reserves. Low levels of humus content were recorded in the variant with long-term use of organic fertilizers. At the same time, the humus reserves in the meter layer increased relative to the other variants of the experiment. Oligonitrophils and ammonifiers was dominated in the composition of the microflora, by while the proportion of actinomycetes sharply decreased. The value of Ka and its reserves decreased. Bacteria using mineral nitrogen and oligonitrophils are predominance in variants with with long-term use of mineral fertilizers. The intensification of microbiological activity caused an increase enrichment catalase and an increase in its reserves in soil. The lack of fresh organic matter input led to increased mineralization processes of specific soil organic compounds. This variant is characterized by the lowest humus content.