ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ БОБОВО-МЯТЛИКОВЫХ ТРАВОСМЕСЕЙ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СПОСОБОВ ПОСЕВА И ДОЗ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ

Abstract

Development of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation is impossible without a developed fodder production. In turn, the main objects of fodder production are crops of perennial grasses and grass mixtures. Proper selection of grass mixture components, optimal doses and timing of mineral fertilizers, as well as scientifically based sowing methods result in high yields of green mass of grass mixtures. It is impossible to meet the needs of livestock breeders in high-quality feed without development of improved agricultural practices for cultivation of legume-grass mixtures. The aim of the research was to improve elements of cultivation technology for fodder legume-grass mixtures grown on light chestnut soils in the Astrakhan region under multi-cut utilization. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to study the effect of various sowing methods and levels of mineral fertilizing on green mass yield of grass mixtures; to identify the most adaptive and productive grass mixtures for the conditions of the north of the Astrakhan region. Records and observations were carried out using methodological guidelines for conducting field experiments with fodder crops, methodology of Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute, Dospekhov B.A., Yeshchenko M.F. The most productive variant was broadcast sowing method and N50 top dressing. Yield of green mass of grass mixture 1 (blue alfalfa, red clover, perennial ryegrass, festulolium) in this variant was 111.0 t/ha, and grass mixture 4 (blue alfalfa, fodder galega, meadow fescue, festulolium) - 109.6 t/ha.