КОМПОНОВОЧНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ МОДУЛЕЙ ОРОСИТЕЛЬНОЙ СЕТИ КАПЕЛЬНО ОРОШАЕМЫХ ДРЕВЕСНО-ПЛОДОВЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ, КУЛЬТИВИРУЕМЫХ В САДОВЫХ НАСАЖДЕНИЯХ

Abstract

Purpose: to develop layout and design schemes for the territorial arrangement of drip irrigated commercial fruit orchards. Materials and methods. When the goal was achieved, the tasks on assessing and choosing the layouts of the garden's plant modules – garden squares, quarters and rows that make up tree-fruit plantations, and the development of irrigation network modules that ensure their drip irrigation were solved. The factual basis of the study was formed by the survey data of wood-fruit orchards and well-known recommendations on the organization of the garden plantings territory. Results. Taking a modular approach to the planning of perennial woody-fruit plantations, implying the arrangement of garden squares, quarters and rows as a basis, the corresponding schemes of the section, irrigation and watering modules ensuring their drip irrigation, were suggested. Taking into account the shapes and sizes of eight-squares garden blocks, two schemes of drip sectional modules were proposed, including a sectional distributor, sprinklers and a system of irrigation pipelines. The irrigation module, which provides watering of the garden quarter, includes an irrigation pipeline and irrigation pipelines fed from it. The watering module provides for irrigation of one row of woody-fruit plants and includes one (for a single-line irrigation module) or two (for a two-line irrigation module) irrigation pipelines with a system of built-in drip micro-outlets, placed taking into account the planting pattern of perennial plants and forming contours or strips of soil moisture in the sub-drip soil space. Conclusions. Rational layout solutions for drip irrigation network modules are proposed, corresponding to garden modules and allowing unifying design solutions for organizing the territory of drip irrigated gardens cultivated according to industrial technologies for planting, maintenance and harvesting operations.