ВПЛИВ СПОСОБІВ СІВБИ НА РОЗВИТОК РОСЛИН ТА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ПОСІВІВ СОНЯШНИКУ В УМОВАХ ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The purpose of research. To establish agrotechnical efficiency of technical-technological solution of Claydon seeder at sowing of industrial crops on the basis of analysis of experimental data of quality of sowing of sunflower by a tape spreading way, to define quality of sowing on a condition of crops in critical phases of growth and development of plants. Research methods. Engineering analysis of the structure. Observation and determination of biometric indicators of plants in crops based on cluster analysis of plant development. Results and conclusions. When sowing sunflowers with a Claydon seeder, compared to the control, more acceptable conditions for the development of each plant are created - the feeding area and its shape are optimized, competition and mutual shading of the leaf surface are reduced on the basis of a 56% improved aspect ratio, competition and mutual shading of the leaf surface are reduced, the competitive influence of neighboring plants is delayed for 5-7 days, the weighted average weight of the basket increases by the time of harvest increases by 10-20 %, more than doubles the preservation of plants up to the harvest period, which creates potential conditions for higher yields. Claydon seeder can be used as an alternative to precision seeders when sowing sunflowers, which, given its traditional use - sowing seeds of cereals and other crops - can significantly reduce the cost of economic entities for technical re-equipment, accelerate the pace of renewal of machine-tractor fleet the economy with modern, highly productive equipment and introduce energy-saving, innovative technologies of crop production. Keywords. Seeders, sowing methods, sowing quality, plants, biometric indicators, biological yield, machine-tractor fleet, technical re-equipment.