СТРУКТУРА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ГОТОВНОСТІ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ДЕСАНТНО-ШТУРМОВИХ ВІЙСЬК ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ ДО ВЕДЕННЯ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

Abstract

Introduction. At the beginning of the armed aggression, which began with the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian military under the guise of local self-defense, the so-called "green men", followed by the annexation of Crimea and the transition to a "hybrid war" with the proclamation of Donetsk and Luhansk people's republics. Ukrainian society was not prepared for the fact that, despite international agreements, Russia, which has committed itself to recognizing our territorial integrity and inviolability, will be able to become an aggressor.Highly mobile airborne troops, now airborne assault troops, were among the first to defend their country at that time and began active combat operations. During the combat missions, the paratroopers encountered a variety of unexpected provocations and brutal actions by the enemy: the separatists' blockade of military equipment with civilians and young children, the use of air defenses and other illegal actions by the enemy. Thus, on June 14, 2014, a tragic accident occurred during the transportation of cargo and personnel of the 25th Airborne Brigade by the IL-76 military transport aircraft to the Luhansk airport. This was the biggest loss at the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation, the loss of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the entire history of our country's independence.As we can see, the combat activities of the airborne assault troops make strict demands on each paratrooper and force him to constantly develop and improve himself. Given that combat activities take place in dangerous conditions and involve a constant risk to life, moreover, it requires the military psychological readiness and resilience, the mobilization of all internal forces and the rational use of their own potential.For the normal functioning of airborne assault troops in combat conditions, it is necessary to apply special programs and techniques for the formation and development of psychological readiness to perform assigned tasks. All this necessitates the study of the structure of the psychological readiness of paratroopers to operate in combat.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to actualize the problem of psychological readiness of airborne assault troops to perform their assigned tasks. Elucidation of the scientists and features approaches of the structural components of the airborne assault troops servicemen psychological readiness to conduct hostilities.Methods. Review and analytical study of the literature.Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the application of a more inherent structure of psychological readiness, which in accordance with the conditions and specifics of the use of assault troops in its structural components will correspond to this combat activity.Conclusion. Thus, analyzing the structural components of psychological readiness presented by researchers, it can be noted that regardless of their content and differences, they all have their directed value in accordance with certain activities.Given the combat activities of airborne assault troops, which is characterized by special conditions and specifics of combat missions associated with great danger to life, the impact of traumatic factors and heavy physical activity, in our opinion, more typical will be the structure of psychological readiness, which contains such components: motivational, cognitive-orientational, operational, emotional-volitional.Considering the components of the structure of psychological readiness of assault troops to conduct combat operations, it should be noted that the formed motivational component plays a significant role in the combat situation - qualitatively affects the state of psychological readiness and is a means of improving the success of combat missions.