Динамика изменения активности ферментов в почвах Адыгеи с разной степенью нарушения после сведения леса

Abstract

Regularities of ten-year changes in the biological properties of soils at several clearings in the mid-mountainous part of the Western Caucasus after de-forestation have been revealed. The soil cover of the territory is represented by Rendzic Leptosols, which have a higher humus content and biological activity than zonal Dystric Cambisols. As a result of felling and related work, the area of felling is differentiated according to the degree of disturbance of the soil and vegetation cover. Over time, the soil cover differs from the forest soils more and more as a result of multidirectional processes. Areas with severe damage to the soil are destroyed as a result of erosion, especially in conditions of dissected relief. In the early years, the peripheral areas are actively overgrown with tall-grass meadow vegetation, which leads to the activation of sod and humus-accumulative processes. The activity of soil enzymes (catalase, urease, phosphatase, dehydrogenase) varies significantly in different areas of felling sites. Variation in the humus content and catalase activity increases significantly after 5 years of forest clearing. The hydro-lases activity and organic matter content in the disturbed soils of felling are-as decrease several times, while on the outskirts of clearings in slightly disturbed soils, humus accumulation and enzyme activity increases as a result of the edging effect.