Особенности сенсибилизации к молочным белкам у здоровых детей раннего возраста, проживающих в разных мегаполисах РФ

Abstract

There is no clear answer so far, why, under normal conditions, there is no active immune response to food antigens that are supplied daily with food, while oral tolerance develops in a child. A cohort study of 259 healthy children of the first half year of life who lived in different megalopolises of the Russian Federation showed a high frequency of latent (asymptomatic) sensitization (LS) to milk proteins, which was formed under breast feeding. Despite the transfer to bottle feeding, there was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of LS to cow and goat milk proteins in babies from Moscow by 5 months of age, and in babies from St. Petersburg by 6 months of age. The frequency of LS to casein, β-LG and α-LA in breastfed babies from Vladivostok during the first three months of life was statistically significantly higher than in babies from Kazan and Khabarovsk during the entire observation period. The data obtained indicate that the immune mechanisms forming latent (asymptomatic) sensitization in the observed children were of an indirect nature, and their implementation was a response to the exposure of maternal allergens that entered the baby’s body in the antenatal and postnatal periods.