Abstract
This research highlights the main natural attractions of the nature reserve fund of the Transcarpathian region: the Synevir, Uzhansky and Zacharovanyi Kray national natural parks, the Prytysiansky and Synyak regional landscape parks, and the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. These include, in particular, mountain ridges and peaks, fragments of river valleys, outcrops of rocks and rocky recrements, traces of the glacier (kars, glacier clay), mountain lakes, high moors, numerous springs (including mineral waters), waterfalls (cascading and single-stage), typical and rare species of flora and fauna, as well as valuable forest, subalpine, meadow, flood, etc. ecosystems. Every researched natural reserve territory has its own composition of natural attractions because of location in different natural regions in Ukrainian Carpathians: national natural park "Synevir" demonstrates massif Gorgany in Vododilno-Verhovynski Carpathians; Uzhansky national natural park is fragments of Vododilny middle-mountains highland massif (Vododilno-Verhovynski Carpathians) and Polonynsky massif of Polonynsko-Chornogirski Carpathians; national natural park "Zacharovanyi Kray" is central part of Vygorlat-Gutynsky volcanic strand of Ukrainian Carpathians; regional landscape park "Synyak" – part of mountainstrand of Vygorlat-Gutynsky volcanic strand; regional landscape park "Prytysyansky" – the most valuable natural territories of Prytysyansky alluvial lowland plain (part of Chop-Mukachivska plain). The Carpathian Biosphere Reserve is unique beyond others – it includes six separate massifes (Chornogirsky, Svydovecky, Marmarosky, Kuziysky, Ugolsko-Shyrokoluzansky, Valley of daffodils) and two national botanical reserves ("Chorna Gora" and "Julivska Gora"), which are located on heights from 180 to 2061 m above sea level in west, central and east parts of Ukrainian Carpathians. The most famous of these natural attractions are ecotourist paths and routes operating on the protected nature reserves, near recreational facilities and recreational areas. The biggest problem is the considerable (sometimes excessive) tourist load on these objects, insufficient control over tourist flows, intensive development of tourist infrastructure close to natural attractions and insufficient information and education provision. Some fo the ways to solve these problems are strengthening control over the tourist movement; introducing new types of ecotourism aimed at reducing the simultaneous tourist load on objects and, at the same time, increasing the number of visitors; improving informational and educational support; monitoring of the quality (compliance with environmental standards) of the tourist infrastructure.
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