THE TOPICAL ISSUES OF THE RESEARCH OF THE NATURE RESERVE FUND OF TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of the study is to assess the level of formation and current state nature reserve network of Transcarpathian region. The subject of the research was the history of the development, the structure, the geospatial peculiarities, the perspectives of the functioning of the region.Data & Methods. In order to attain objectives, a complex statistical analysis, statistic reports, register of NRF materials of the Department of Environment Natural Resources of Transcarpathian Regional State Administration during the period of 2009-2015 was carried out. Also, during the research the following methods were applied: analytica, comparative geographical, mathematical, statistical, synthesis and systematization, typology, methods of classifying and grouping.Results. As for 2015 a network of 459 objects and the territories of NRF with total area of 177.5 thousands hectares (14.4% of the region’s area); including 34 objects of the national importance, with a total area of 155.5 thousands hectares and 425 objects of local importance, with a total area of 21.95 thousands hectare has been formed in the Transcarpathian region.In the region are functioning three national natural parks: NNP «Synevir», Uzhansky NPP , «Enchanted Land»; two regional landscape parks: Prytysnyanskyy and RLP «Syniak»; 68 natural reserves of various types; 329 sights of nature; 35 parks-sights oflandscape art. However, the majority of these areas with the status of protected ones arefor the multifunctional objects at protected areas of higher categories.The dynamics of regional NRF area enlargement is positive. In the future it is planned up to 23% of increase.The analysis of the territorial structure of NRF areas and objects demonstrates the pied indicator of protecting in the context of the administrative area. The most representative indicator is the coefficient of protected areas. The average value of it in the region is 14.4%. The indicator of insularization’s index within Transcarpathian region, which was calculated by us, is 0.44 that indicates the average quality of the natural reserved network’s location. We connect a considerable fragmentation of the NRF objects with the orographic features of the researched area and from time to time with a high degree of plowed territories in some administrative areas.The Carpathian biosphere reserve, national natural parks and regional landscape parks are the most often used for the organization of the environment oriented types of tourism in the region.Transcarpathion region is among the regions of Ukraine with the highest level of protected areas. The basis of the natural preservation fund is the observation of multifunctional objects of the highest category of protected areas: national parks, biosphere preserves and regional landscape parks. A large number of nature reserved objects are combined with their considerable fragmentation, which affects the quality characteristics of natural preservation fund. According to spatial distribution of the preserved objects and protected areas don’t meet the criteria of local representativeness, therefore their spatial structure needs substantial improvement. It is necessary to create natural protected areas, especially within low-lying areas of the region.