ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК В УЧНІВ КЛЮЧОВИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ У ПРИРОДНИЧИХ НАУКАХ І ТЕХНОЛОГІЯХ ЗАСОБАМИ НАВЧАННЯ ФІЗИКИ

Abstract

The article presents the problem of organizing the educational activities of students studying natural sciences. The purpose of the study is to carry out a theoretical analysis of the scientific literature regarding the determination of the structural components of key competencies in natural sciences and technologies that are formed and developed in students through the means of teaching physics. Formulation and understanding of competence, key co-competence in pedagogical activity from the standpoint of modern domestic and foreign researchers are considered. Indispensable components of competencies, according to S.V. Beketov, are defined as knowledge, skills, stereotypes of behavior, abilities, efforts, and attitude to activities in a certain field. Ten key competencies are given (communication in the state (and native – in case of difference) languages, communication in foreign languages, mathematical competence, basic competences in natural sciences and technologies, information and digital competence, ability to learn throughout life, initiative and entrepreneurship, social and civic competence , awareness and self-expression in the field of culture, environmental literacy and healthy life) of the New Ukrainian School, which are necessary for the formation of the student's personality in modern conditions, and the analysis of competencies and components based on elementary school physics curricula was carried out. The following skills are common to all competencies: the ability to read and understand what is read (to read); the ability to express an opinion orally and in writing (express); critical thinking (thinking, media literacy); the ability to logically justify a position (logic); show initiative (initiative); create (create); the ability to solve problems, assess risks and make decisions (make decisions); the ability to constructively manage emotions (emotions); apply emotional intelligence (emotions); the ability to cooperate in a team (teamwork). The ideal of modern education is a person with a flexible mind, with a quick reaction to everything new, with ideal communication skills.