ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ОЗИМОЙ И ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ К ЭПИФИТОТИЙНО ОПАСНЫМ БОЛЕЗНЯМ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЮГО-ВОСТОКА

Abstract

The factors determining the success of wheat breeding for resistance to diseases are described. The results of studies of the world collection of spring wheat and varieties of domestic breeding for resistance to Puccinia Triticina Erikss. are highlighted. The sources with a high level of resistance to brown rustand of practical interest for the selection of spring soft wheat are identified. The results of work on obtaining transgressive lines of spring wheat with different genes resistant to brown rust are presented. For the development and optimization of protective measures assessed epidemic of resistance of varieties of winter and spring wheat to the pathogen septoria S. tritici. Found that released varieties of winter and spring wheat are presented in the study differ by an epidemic of resistance to the pathogen septoria S. tritici; wheat varieties require high-intensity protective measures against the disease. The article provides information on the peculiarities of the manifestation of viral diseases on spring wheat. The study of the biological characteristics of viral diseases and insect vectors detected the most common disease - barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The studies were carried out on the species composition and abundance of the Aphididae family, and the main vector of the BYDV, common cereal aphid (Schizaphis graminum Rond.) was identified. To identify donors suitable for the creation of wheat varieties resistant to the BYDV, the world’s collection of spring wheat was evaluated on a natural infectious background. The samples resistant to this disease were selected.