Клінічне та патофізіологічне обґрунтування доцільності застосування функціональної терапії при лікуванні больової дисфункції скронево-нижньощелепних суглобів

Abstract

Summary: Our study made it possible to trace and analyze the changes in the masticatory muscles of patients that occur during the treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJ) and testify to its effectiveness. In patients with TMJ dysfunction, the qualitative and quantitative indicators of electromyography are closely correlated with the stages of development of the pathology and correspond to its clinical manifestations. In this study, for the first time, the relationship between the change in the parameters of the frequency of muscle contractions and the subjective feeling of pain in the area of the specified masticatory muscle in patients was analyzed. The aim of this study is to study and compare the nature and degree of changes in the electromyographic activity of the main and auxiliary masticatory muscles in patients with TMJ dysfunction before and after the use of myorelaxing splints. Research materials and methods. A five-year study of patients with TMJ dysfunction (92 people). A total of 342 electromyograms before and during the stages of patient treatment were submitted to the overall analysis. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of myorelaxation splints in the treatment of TMJ dysfunction allow to improve the quality of treatment of this pathology in patients. The results obtained after 6 months indicate that the effectiveness of the treatment of CG I patients (with the lowest intensity of TMJ dysfunction symptoms) reached 89.1±1.3%; CG II - up to 78.3±1.3%; CG III – 77.3±1.3%. Key words: electromyography, dysfunction, temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, bioelectric activity, bioelectric rest, myorelaxation splint, occlusion