Производственно-технологические и организационно-институциональные механизмы сокращения транзитных рисков и транзакционных издержек межгосударственных перевозок грузов

Abstract

The research is aimed at describing and analyzing existing and developing new production, technological, organizational and institutional mechanisms for reducing transit risks and transaction costs of interstate cargo transportation. Goal. Development and application of adaptation mechanisms to external sanctions pressure in order to improve the efficiency of the functioning of the transport and transit system (TTS) of Russia, the development of existing transport corridors and the formation of new trade routes and their innovative industrial belts, ensuring the economic sovereignty and national security of the country. Tasks. To analyze scientific and practical approaches to the development of organizational and institutional mechanisms for transport and transit communication with neighboring countries. To characterize adaptive mechanisms for reducing transit risks and transaction costs of interstate cargo transportation. To outline the stages of developing new production, technological, organizational and institutional mechanisms for reducing transit risks and transaction costs of interstate cargo transportation. Methodology. The research uses the methods of evolutionary and institutional theory, system analysis, world system (world economic) analysis, the main provisions of the theory of industrial and technological balance of the economy and technical and economic structures, SWOT analysis, expert and analytical assessments, content analysis of periodical materials. Results. It has been established that in order to reduce transit risks and transaction costs of interstate cargo transportation, modernization and expansion of the capacity of railway and automobile border checkpoints, creation of digital trade routes, formation of large transport and logistics companies engaged in transit transportation of goods, development of a strategy for the creation and functioning of a supranational transport and transit company as an effective organizational and institutional form are required circumvention of foreign government and corporate sanctions against Russia. Conclusions. In the current situation, the development and improvement of methods for meaningful and economic-mathematical modeling of modern trade routes and their innovative industrial belts in order to form adaptive mechanisms to reduce transit risks and reduce transaction costs of servicing export-import and transit cargo flows is becoming more urgent.