Распределение тяжелых металлов по формам существования и их содержание в донных отложениях плесов Иваньковского водохранилища

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the contamination of the bottom sediments of the Ivankovsky reservoir with heavy metals. These deposits of water bodies are quite sensitive indicators of their pollution. The most unfavorable pollutants are the following metals and trace elements: As, Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni. According to the data of the work carried out in 2021, the trends in changes in the pollution of the bottom sediments of the Ivankovsky reservoir are considered. The content of mobile forms of existence of the following microelements was determined: Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni and As. The content of trace elements by forms of existence was determined by the method of A. Tessier, the results of the studies are given in accordance with the assessment by igeo-classes – by the contamination of the sorbent fraction (less than 0.02 mm). The main polluting elements in the mobile forms of the bottom sediments of the reservoir are cadmium and lead, for which the level of pollution is estimated within the 2nd igeo-class – from weakly to moderately polluted. A picture of both the contamination of the bottom sediments of the Ivankovsky reservoir with trace elements, and the distribution and ratio of their mobile forms of existence in the sediments is presented. Elements such as Pb, Zn and Cr are mainly in a form bound to iron and manganese hydroxides; Co, Cd, Ni, Cr and Cu are mostly in ion exchange and carbonate forms. Based on the data obtained, at present, the load on the studied objects is not dangerous. The obtained results are of scientifi c and practical interest for organizations of geo-ecological orientation, for specialists in the fi eld of environmental protection and nature management.