Результаты изучения сортов масличных культур для использования на товарные цели в почвенно-климатических условиях Монголии

Abstract

To supply growing demands of food in Mongolia, especially of vegetable oil, it is necessary to introduce famous highly productive varieties of agricultural crops and complex cultivation technologies. So to achieve these challenges, it is necessary to select promising varieties of oil crops among already stud-ied and widely known foreign varieties and to devel-op methods of their cultivation. The results of our research showed the most of oil crops id able to produce quite high seed yields in primary agricultural zones of Mongolia. In different soil and climatic conditions of the country, we studied more than 100 varieties of major oil crops including sunflower, spring rapeseed, soybean, and oil flax and selected the best perspective varieties by their biological and economic traits. The results of testing showed that the sunflower varieties have seed yield of 1.05–1.56 t/ha, soybean varieties – 0.54–1.65 t/ha under rainfed condition and 2.68–2.74 t/ha under irrigation, the spring rapeseed varieties – 1.12–1.57 t/ha and the oil flax varieties – 0.64–1.7 t/ha. The soil and climatic conditions of the East-steppe zone of Mongolia appeared to be the best for oil crops production.