Formation of the yield of oil crops of the Brassicaceae family in the Middle Cis-Urals

Abstract

The article presents data on the study of the formation of the seed yield of spring oil crops in the conditions of the Middle Cis-Urals. The work is based on the results of a two-factor microfield experiment, where factor A - crops - rape and camelina, factor B - varieties of crops - rape Accord and Podmoskovny, camelina Veles and Yubilyar. The relevance of the study is related to the growing interest in oil crops. The research methodology is generally accepted in agronomy. Camelina was characterized by a faster rate of development, its growing season was 89-109 days, rape - 109-147 days. Morphological and biological features of crops were revealed – a large height of rape plants, their damage by blossom weevil and diamondback moth and the associated lower (50%) survival rate of plants during vegetation; lower seed content (by 44 pcs.) and the formation of smaller seeds (the weight of 1000 seeds was 2.08 g inferior to the same indicator of rape) in camelina. With such a yield structure, camelina had an advantage of 18 g/m2. The crops did not differ in the content of crude protein and fat in the seeds.