Пятилетний опыт обеспечения инфекционной безопасности донорской крови и ее компонентов ФГБУЗ центра крови ФМБА России

Abstract

Screening technologies aimed at identifying such transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) as hepatitis B and C, HIV-1,2 and syphilis have been developing and this has resulted in increased safety of applied hemotherapy. Our research goal was to analyze detection of infectious markers in donors of the FMBA Blood Center over five years. We examined 167,389 samples of donor blood taken from 53,093 donors of blood and its components by the FMBA Blood Center over the period from 2015 to 2019. Over the whole analyzed period, we detected 1453 infectious-positive samples taken from 1235 donors. Average long-term quantity of detected hepatitis C markers equaled 78.6 ± 9.4; hepatitis B, 49.8 ± 8.2; syphilis, 66.2 ± 16.8; HIV, 52.8 ± 13.2. We also analyzed detected of TTI markers in long-term dynamics and established an ascending trend in a number of syphilis markers (the growth rate was 3.2), hepatitis B (the growth rate was 2.5), and a descending trend in hepatitis C markers (the decrease rate was 3.3) as well as HIV markers (the decrease rate was 1.7). This decrease rate in detection of HIV markers (fall by 1.7) occurred both among first-time and regular donors. At the same time, we revealed growing detection of syphilis markers both among first-time donors where it grew by 3.6 and among regular ones, by 1.4. Frequency of infection markers was higher among first-time donors than among regular ones as per syphilis markers, 2.351 (95 % CI: 1.862–2.938), p < 0.00001; hepatitis B markers, 2.111 (95 % CI: 1.622–2.763), p < 0.00001; hepatitis C markers, 2.107 (95 % CI: 1.708–2.609), p < 0.00001; and HIV, 2.471 (95 % CI: 1.9–3.238), p < 0.00001. Over the last 5 years, there was a descending trend in detection of transfusion transmissible infections among donors regarding HIV and viral hepatitis C excluding tests aimed at detecting syphilis and viral hepatitis B markers.