Синтез углеродных нанотрубок с помощью СВЧ излучения для модификации эластомера с улучшенной электро- и теплопроводностью

Abstract

The paper presents a method of microwave influence on ferrocene C10H10Fe and graphite to obtain multilayer carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) — designed to improve the electrical and thermophysical properties of silicon-graphite elastomer (Silagerm 8020). Diagnostics and characterisation of the synthesised MWCNTs were carried out by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. According to SEM data, it follows that the morphology of the synthesised MWCNTs has the form of filamentous formations intertwined in bundles with the diameter of individual MWCNTs from 40 to 60 nm and length up to several microns. At the same time, the surface of most of the MWCNTs is covered with a continuous layer of iron (Fe). The EDX method also confirmed the Fe and oxygen content on the surface of the MWCNTs. XRD method identified the presence of Fe in combination with carbon in the form of Fe3C iron carbide and pure Fe iron at 44.7°. The compound Fe3C, also referred to the active phase of Fe allowing the synthesis of MWCNTs. By increasing the concentration of MWCNTs in the elastomer, an increase in thermal conductivity with percolation transition was achieved at a concentration of 8 % MWCNTs. The maximum thermal conductivity of the nanomodified elastomer was 0.48 W/(m·°C), which corresponded to the mass concentration of MWCNTs equal to 8 wt.%. At the same time, the electrical conductivity of the composite, when the MWCNTs concentration was changed from 1 to 8 %, increased in the range from 4·10–5 to 2.4 cm·cm–1 and is also due to the percolation of MWCNTs in the elastomer matrix.