Роль мікробіоти репродуктивного тракту у розвитку патології шийки матки з погляду превентивної медицини (Огляд літератури)

Abstract

The problem of cervical diseases has become especially relevant due to the increasing frequency of this pathology and impaired generative function of the female body .Complex economic and unfavorable environmental conditions of Ukraine, which cause a state of chronic distress, inadequate reproductive behavior lead to the development of cervical tumors. An important role of immune protection of the genital tract belongs to the microbiocenosis of the vagina. After all, analyzing the anatomical structure of the reproductive system, physical, chemical and immunological variations of changes in the endothelium of the genital tract depending on the age of the woman, as well as the phase of the menstrual cycle, violation of vaginal normocenosis is a trigger of cervical pathology. According to the world literature, there is a close relationship between sexually transmitted infections and the development of cervical neoplasia. As early as the 1970s, Harald Zur Hausen took an important step in studying the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and identified the leading role of oncogenic types of human papillomavirus in this process . Prevention of the development of malignant neoplasms of the cervix, which occupy the fifth place in the structure of oncogynecological pathology in our country and the second place among oncological morbidity, is an urgent problem and meets the principles of modern medicine. Keywords: pathology of the cervix, human papilloma virus, vaginal microbiocenosis.