НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ БОЛЬНЫМ С ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯМИ ИНСУЛЬТА В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ С УЧАСТИЕМ МУЛЬТИДИСЦИПЛИНАРНОЙ БРИГАДЫ ПОЛИКЛИНИКИ

Abstract

The disabling consequences of a stroke, impaired motor and cognitive functions, the unpredictability of the prognosis of their recovery, affective reactions to the disease can make it difficult to form adherence to treatment and acceptance of the disease, and therefore psychological assistance to patients after a stroke in the rehabilitation process is relevant. The aim of the study was to identify the direction of psychological assistance to patients with the consequences of a stroke in the conditions of rehabilitation in a polyclinic with the participation of a multidisciplinary team (MDB). The study involved 115 patients after a stroke, 63 men, 52 women; aged 38 to 94 years, with self-service disorders of varying severity. Rehabilitation measures were carried out with patients (drug therapy, exercise therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and psychological assistance) in a polyclinic at home. The psychological assistance was aimed at correcting attitudes towards the disease and treatment, at forming a positive therapeutic and life perspective in the mind of the patient, and at forming adherence to treatment. Family counseling was aimed at improving the interaction between relatives and patients. After carrying out rehabilitation measures and a psychological assistance program, there is a positive trend in self-care indicators (Bartel scale), cognitive functions (MMSE scale), and a decrease in anxiety and depression (HADS scale). Our study in a district clinic showed the relevance and extreme importance of including a psychological assistance program in the work of a multidisciplinary team. Directions of psychological assistance in a polyclinic included work with patients and with the micro-society (with relatives of patients).