ЭТНИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ГОРОДА САМАРЫ И САМАРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В ВОСПИТАНИИ ЭТНИЧЕСКОЙ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТИ

Abstract

The proposed research presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of ethnic identity of the population of Samara and the Samara region, analyzes and highlights its influence on the formation of the ethnic tolerance and self-awareness of the residents of this region. The article contains a general outline of the main provisions of existential social work. Ethnic identity within the framework of the article is interpreted as a socio-psychological category, as a dynamic and multidimensional formation, which characterizes the feeling (implicit component) and awareness (explicit component) of a person as a member of a certain ethnic group/community. In accordance with this interpretation, the purpose of the study was to identify socio-psychological determinants that determine the formation of the ethnic identity of the population of Samara and the Samara region. According to the results of the conducted research with the participation of 300 respondents representing 6 ethnic groups (Russians, Mordva, Chuvash, Tatars, Kazakhs and Armenians) and 2 territories of residence (the city of Samara and other settlements). Samara and other settlements of the Samara region), and the use of 5 diagnostic techniques (“Draw a planet”, “Unfinished sentences”, “Semantic differential”, “Who am I”, “Social distance scale”) it was found that in general among the representatives of the population of Samara and the Samara region the tendencies of ethno-relativism dominate. This is determined by the maintenance of a positive image of representatives of different ethnic groups, efforts to form regional self-awareness (relatively higher importance of the role of a resident of the Samara region in the structure of social roles), as well as educational and pedagogical efforts to increase ethnic tolerance in the region (adequate social distance between ethnic groups). In addition, some differences in the type of the ethnic identity and the expression of socio-psychological formation in representatives of different ethnic groups living on the territory of Samara and the Samara region have been established. Prospects for further psychological, pedagogical and socio-psychological efforts to foster ethnic tolerance in a multi-ethnic region are identified.